Cardiology

These are essential non-invasive diagnostic tools. ECG (electrocardiogram) detects arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and ischemia. ECHO (echocardiogram) uses ultrasound to evaluate heart structure, valve function, and ejection fraction. TMT (treadmill test) assesses exercise-induced ischemia. These tests guide further cardiology evaluation and treatment planning.

Managing high blood pressure is vital for preventing cardiovascular events. Cardiologists evaluate risk using lipid profiles, ECG, and family history. Lifestyle modifications, dietary salt restriction, and medications like ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and beta-blockers are prescribed. Long-term follow-up prevents complications like stroke and heart failure.

Cardiologists evaluate chest pain using ECG, troponin levels, ECHO, and stress testing. Differentiating cardiac vs. non-cardiac causes is critical. If angina is suspected, coronary angiography may be advised. Early diagnosis helps prevent myocardial infarction. Patients receive medications like nitrates, antiplatelets, and statins.

MI is a medical emergency treated with aspirin, thrombolytics, or angioplasty (if available). Diagnosis involves ECG, cardiac enzymes, and clinical signs. Post-MI care includes beta-blockers, statins, lifestyle changes, and cardiac rehabilitation. Time-to-treatment is crucial for saving heart muscle and reducing mortality.

Irregular heartbeats are diagnosed with ECG, Holter monitoring, and ECHO. Treatment may involve antiarrhythmic drugs, pacemakers, or catheter ablation. Anxiety-related palpitations are also considered. Patients with atrial fibrillation are evaluated for anticoagulation to prevent stroke.

Offered to asymptomatic individuals with risk factors like diabetes, smoking, or family history. Includes ECG, ECHO, lipid profile, blood sugar tests, and TMT. Emphasizes early detection and lifestyle counseling to reduce cardiac risk. Often packaged as 'executive health checkups.'